Which of the following is the best example of indirect competition to an 18-hole daily fee facility?

Indirect competition refers to alternatives that may not be in the same category but still vie for the same customer base or resources. In the context of an 18-hole daily fee golf facility, an off course retailer is the best example of indirect competition. This is because an off course retailer, such as a pro shop or sporting goods store, competes for the same discretionary spending that potential golfers may otherwise allocate to playing golf, greens fees, or taking lessons.

While private golf clubs, 9-hole facilities, and municipal courses may directly rival the 18-hole facility for players looking to play golf, the off course retailer does not serve the same primary purpose. Instead, it offers alternative options for golfers, such as equipment, apparel, or accessories, allowing customers to fulfill their golfing needs outside of actually playing on a course. This differentiation highlights how off course retailers provide a different avenue for golf-related expenditures, thus representing indirect competition.